When chain drives are employed in building metalforming machinery, proper lubrication with oil assures quiet operation and long service life. Grease is not recommended. Oil is preferred because it not only adheres to the outer surfaces but is light enough to penetrate between closely fitted pins and bushings.
A distinguishing characteristic of chains is their many small bearing surfaces, all of which must receive lubricant for the chain to stand up and resist wear. Chains of both the roller and silent types are used and their lubrication requirements are, in general, similar. Depending on size and load handled, the chains are lubricated by hand application, splash oiling or pump circulation.
For hand-oiled chains, a moderately heavy machine oil applied by brush or squirt can is recommended. An adequate interval between applications will depend on operating conditions and hours of daily use. Once may be considered average for one‐shift service. Applying the oil to the inside of the chain is advised, because centrifugal action then helps it to penetrate to internal surfaces.
When chains are lubricated by splash or pump circulation, the service instructions are usually similar to those for gears, i.e. the principal factors for securing the most effective results are oil level, oil changes and correct grade of oil.
One final point: chains will take a much lighter product than required by enclosed gears and a viscosity of approximately 300 seconds S.U. at 100°F is suggested. Other qualities from a service standpoint should be comparable to the oil for gears.